Understanding Hammertoe: Causes and Symptoms

Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes, which causes them to bend at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. This condition often results from an imbalance in the muscles and tendons that stabilize the toe, leading to discomfort and functional issues. In Derry, New Hampshire, Foot & Ankle Associates of Southern NH provides comprehensive care for patients suffering from hammertoe and other foot deformities.

What Causes Hammertoe?

Several factors contribute to the development of hammertoe, including:

• Genetics: A family history of foot problems may predispose individuals to hammertoe.
• Improper Footwear: High heels or tight shoes that constrict the toes can aggravate the condition.
• Illness: Conditions such as arthritis can increase the risk of developing hammertoe due to joint stiffness or pain.
• Foot Structure: Flat feet or high arches can alter how weight is distributed across the foot, leading to muscle imbalances.

Signs and Symptoms of Hammertoe

Common symptoms include:

• Visible bend in the toe, resembling a hammer.
• Pain or discomfort, especially when wearing shoes.
• Redness or swelling at the joint.
• Calluses or corns on the top of the toe or on the ball of the foot due to friction.

How Can I Treat Hammertoe?

Treatment for hammertoe varies based on severity and includes:

• Conservative Methods: Padding, orthotic devices, and physical therapy can alleviate symptoms without surgery.
• Footwear Modifications: Wearing shoes with a wide toe box and low heels can reduce pressure on the affected toes.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help manage pain and inflammation.

When is Hammertoe Surgery Necessary?

Despite conservative management, surgery may be required when:

• The condition leads to persistent pain that limits daily activities.
• Deformity worsens, making it difficult to wear shoes or walk comfortably.
• There is an increased risk of pressure sores or infections due to the toe’s position.

In such cases, a surgical intervention may realign the toe and provide relief. Surgical options include tendon transfer, joint fusion, or toe straightening, depending on the individual’s specific circumstances.

What to Expect During Hammertoe Surgery

Hammertoe surgery is typically performed as an outpatient procedure. Here’s a step-by-step expectation:

1. Consultation: An initial consultation at Foot & Ankle Associates of Southern NH will help determine if you're a candidate for surgery.
2. Anesthesia: Local or general anesthesia is administered to ensure your comfort during the procedure.
3. Procedure: The surgeon will make a small incision, realign the toe, and may use pins or screws to secure the new position.
4. Recovery: Post-operative care is essential, including rest, ice application, and possible physical therapy.

Post-Surgery Care and Recovery

After hammertoe surgery, follow best practices for recovery:

• Keep the foot elevated to minimize swelling.
• Avoid putting weight on the foot until cleared by your surgeon.
• Attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing and adjust the treatment plan as necessary.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How long is the recovery time for hammertoe surgery?

Recovery typically takes 4 to 6 weeks, but this can vary based on the surgical technique used and individual healing rates.

2. Will I need physical therapy after surgery?

Many patients benefit from physical therapy post-surgery to regain strength and mobility in the toe.

3. Are there risks associated with hammertoe surgery?

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks, including infection, swelling, and potential recurrence of the deformity. Discuss these with your surgeon at Foot & Ankle Associates of Southern NH.

4. Can hammertoe come back after surgery?

While surgery is effective, there is a possibility of recurrence if underlying factors like footwear and foot structure are not addressed.

5. What should I do if I suspect I have hammertoe?

If you notice symptoms of hammertoe, schedule an appointment with Foot & Ankle Associates of Southern NH for a comprehensive evaluation to discuss treatment options tailored to your needs.

Conclusion

Hammertoe can significantly impact your quality of life, but understanding when surgery is necessary can help you make informed decisions. At Foot & Ankle Associates of Southern NH in Derry, New Hampshire, we are dedicated to providing expert assessment, treatment, and follow-up care for patients with hammertoe. Don’t let foot pain hold you back. Book your appointment today to take the first step toward healthier feet!